Many rural poor utterly depend on ecosystem services from woodlands, yet little is known about the impacts of farmland expansion on rural wellbeing. How is woodland loss changing ecosystem services and wellbeing of the rural poor in Mozambique? This project is integrating this information into land use policy and practice to alleviate rural poverty in Mozambique. It uses a novel mixture of stakeholder participation, and the collection of large scale socio-ecological data sets along gradients of land-use change, leading to the creation of future scenarios of the impacts of land-use change.